monarchs

English and British rulers for Wheat and Wages

A chronological list of English and British monarchs from Elizabeth I through George IV.

Contains two intentional inaccuracies to maintain compatibility with the Wheat and Wages example visualization:

  1. the start date for the reign of Elizabeth I is shown as 1565, instead of 1558;
  2. the end date for the reign of George IV is shown as 1820, instead of 1830. These discrepancies align the monarchs.json dataset with the start and end dates of the wheat.json dataset used in the visualization. The entry "W&M" represents the joint reign of William III and Mary II. While the dataset shows their reign as 1689-1702, the official Web site of the British royal family indicates that Mary II's reign ended in 1694, though William III continued to rule until 1702. The commonwealth field is used to flag the period from 1649 to 1660, which includes the Commonwealth of England, the Protectorate, and the period leading to the Restoration. While historically more accurate to call this the "interregnum," the field name of commonwealth from the original dataset is retained for backwards compatibility.

[!IMPORTANT] Revised in Aug. 2024 to show James II's reign now ends in 1688 (previously 1689).

Source data has been verified against the kings & queens and interregnum pages of the official website of the British royal family (retrieved in Aug. 2024).

JSON 12 rows 4 fields 683 B 3 gallery examples 3 examples

Fields

FieldTypeDistributionSummaryMissing
name

The ruler's name or identifier (e.g., "W&M" for William and Mary, "Cromwell" for the period of interregnum)

 string 12 distinct Anne 1 · Charles I 1 · Charles II 1 Missing 0
start

The year their rule began

 integer 1,565 – 1,820 · mean 1,683 Missing 0
end

The year their rule ended

 integer 1,603 – 1,820 · mean 1,704 Missing 0
index

A zero-based sequential number assigned to each entry, representing the chronological order of rulers

 integer 0 – 11 · mean 5.5 Missing 0

Profiled across all 12 rows.

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Preview

First 5 of 12 rows5 of 12 rows
namestartendindex
Elizabeth156516030
James I160316251
Charles I162516492
Cromwell164916603
Charles II166016854

Examples

Vega and Vega-Lite examples open in the Editor with this dataset loaded. Altair examples link to their Python source.

Provenance

Source
License
File
data/monarchs.json · 683 bytes · View on GitHub